To view the bytecode of a compiled executable, you can follow these steps:
Compile the C source code to generate an executable file with debugging information using the -g flag with a C compiler like GCC:
1 | gcc -g -o output_file source_file.c |
gcc -g -o output_file source_file.c
Replace output_file with the desired name for your executable and source_file.c with the name of your C source code file.
Once you have the executable with debugging information, you can use a tool like objdump to view the bytecode. Here’s how you can use objdump:
1 | objdump -d -M intel output_file |
objdump -d -M intel output_file
This command will disassemble the binary executable (output_file) and display the bytecode in Intel syntax. You can also use “-D” to dump everything. And -M could take values like: i386, arm
Keep in mind that the bytecode will be in the form of assembly language instructions, which are the low-level representation of your C code. If you want to see a more human-readable version of the bytecode, you can use a debugger like gdb:
1 | gdb output_file |
gdb output_file
Then, within the gdb interface, you can use commands like disassemble to view the disassembled code in a more structured manner.
Please note that viewing bytecode or disassembled code is useful for debugging and understanding the low-level details of your program but may not be very human-friendly if you’re not familiar with assembly language.
And, we can reverse engineer the binary executable (byte code) and dynamically inject or modify the content: How to Modify or Patch the Compiled Executable (inplace, reverse engineering)?
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